印度境外交换生思想道德教育现状及其启示

Ideological and Political Education of Indian Overseas Exchange Students:Current Situation and Reflection

印度高等教育国际化发展迅猛,派出境外交换生逐年增加。由于对英语的精通把握,印度境外交换生更易于与西方交流,因此具有天然的学习优势,但是印度高校国际化程度发展不平衡以及种姓制度和宗教因素普遍存在,这也成为其中不利因素。印度政府和高校对境外交换生的思想道德教育分为出国前和出国后两种情况:出国前的思想道德教育主要由高校来实施,有爱国主义教育、价值观教育、宗教教育和社会实践教育四种类型;出国后主要由印度政府外交部、驻外使领馆来实施对印度交换生的教育和管理。由于缺乏有效的思想教育和管理以及吸引人才的政策、服务,印度高端人才流失严重,应当引以为鉴。

With the rapid development of higher education internationalization, India has witnessed an increasing number of its overseas exchange students year by year. While Indian students can communicate with foreigners easily thanks to a good mastery of English, their weakness is obvious in that the country suffers an uneven level of internationalization of higher education and a prevalence of caste and religious problems. The ideological and political education of such students is divided into two stages ： （ 1 ） education in patriotism, value, religion and social practice organized by the Indian government before they leave the country, and （2） education and management conducted mainly by the Indian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and the relevant embassies and consulates after they leave the country. Owing to ineffective ideological and political education and management and inefficient policies and services for attracting talents, India is meeting with a serious loss of high-level talents, from which China should take warning.