孕期体重增长对新生儿出生体重的影响

Effects of weight growth in pregnancy on birth weight of newborn baby

目的探讨产妇孕期体重增长对新生儿出生体重的影响。方法选择2016年6月~2017年2月在我院进行孕期保健并住院分娩的534例足月单胎产妇作为研究对象,记录其身高、孕前体重、产前体重等信息,分析孕期体重增加量与新生儿出生体重的关系。结果孕前体型正常的产妇较多,孕前不同体型的产妇孕期体重增长幅度不同,差异有统计学意义(F=9.252,P=0.000);孕前体型消瘦和正常的产妇孕期体重增长合理比例明显高于孕前超重及肥胖者(χ2=16.407,P=0.000);孕期体重增长过多组的新生儿出生体重值明显高于增长不足与合理组,差异有统计学意义(分别F=49.742,P=0.000;F=37.077,P=0.000);孕期体重增长过多的产妇产下巨大儿的比例较高,三组间存在统计学差异(χ2=11.825,P=0.003)。结论孕期体重增长过多会增加巨大儿的出生率,应加强孕期健康宣教,使孕期体重增长在合理范围内,以减少不良妊娠结局发生。

Objective To explore the influence of weight growth in pregnancy on birth weight of newborn baby. Methods From June 2016 to February 2017, A total of 534 patients of single fetal puerperant women who visited the doctors for pregnancy care in my hospital were selected in the study.The height of puerperant women,pre-pregnancy weight,prenatal weight,etc were recorded.The effect of weight gain during pregnancy on neonatal weight was analyzed. Results there are more puerperant women with normal body size before pregnancy.The puerperant women with different body types before pregnancy had different weight gain during pregnancy,the difference were statistical significant（F=9.252,P=0.000）.The normal weight gain ratio during pregnancy The ratio of normal weight gain during pregnancy The body weight loss and normal group before pregnancy had a higher reasonable weight gain during pregnancy ratio than the overweight and obesity group（χ^2=16.407,P=0.000）.The overweight and obesity group had a higher neonatal weight than the body weight loss and normal group,the difference were statistical significant（F=49.742,P=0.000;F=37.077,P=0.000,respectively）.The ratio of the overweight and obesity group had giant baby were higher.There was a statistical difference between three groups（χ^2=11.825,P=0.003）.Conclusions The excessive weight gain will lead to the increase of giant baby.Therefore,the health education during pregnancy should be strengthened to control the maternal weight gain in appropriate range and reduce adverse pregnancy outcomes.