基于张仲景学术思想的炮附子4种炮制方法的比较研究

A Comparative Study on 4 Kinds of Processing Methods of Paofuzi Based on Zhang Zhongjing's Academic Thoughts

目的:采用综合评分法比较基于张仲景炮制思想的4种炮附子饮片质量,为炮附子的现代炮制方法提供依据。方法:利用CM-5分光测色计、TMS-Pro质构仪等客观量化检测仪器,以颜色、质地、3种单酯型生物碱含量、麻舌感结合3种双酯型生物碱含量、7种水溶性生物碱含量以及操作简便性为指标,以药典法炮附片为参照,采用综合评分法从古代干热法、现代烘烤法、清炒法和砂烫法中筛选质量较优的炮附子饮片。结果:各指标综合评分结果为:现代烘烤法≈砂烫法>清炒法>古代干热法>药典法。现代烘烤法和砂烫法所制备的炮附子均可达到内外皆黄、质地酥脆的传统质量要求。与生附片比较,3种双酯型生物碱含量降低88.9%~90.5%,3种单酯型生物碱含量增加255.2%~385.6%;与药典炮附片比较,3种单酯型生物碱和7种水溶性生物碱含量均显著增加。结论:现代烘烤法和砂烫法炮附子毒性成分含量低,有效成分含量高,且无胆巴液浸泡工序、操作简便易行、生产周期短。做为秉承张仲景学术思想且便于现代操作的炮附子炮制方法,值得挖掘与传承。

Paofuzi is a decoction piece in Zhang Zhongjing.s Treatise on Cold-Induced Diseases, which is essentially different from the pharmacopoeial Paofupian. CM-5 spectrophotometric color measurement, TMS-Pro texture analyzer quantitative texture, HPLC detection of alkaloid content. The color, texture, content of three monoester alkaloids, lingual sensation combined with three di-alkaline alkaloids, seven water-soluble alkaloids, and ease of use as indicators. Taking the pharmacopoeia Paofupian as a reference, the comprehensive scoring method was used to compare the quality of Paofuzi prepared by the ancient dry heat method, the modern baking method, the frying method and the sand ironing method. The results showed that： Modern baking method≈Sand ironing method 〉 Fried method 〉 Ancient dry heat method 〉 Pharmacopoeia. Paofuzi prepared by the modern baking method and the sand ironing method can meet the traditional quality requirements of both inside and outside are yellow and crisp texture. Compared with Shengfupian, the contents of three kinds of di-ester alkaloids decreased by 88.9%-90.5%, and the content of three mono-alkaline alkaloids increased by 255.2%-385.6%. Compared with the pharmacopoeia Paofupian, the contents of the three monoalkaline alkaloids and the seven water-soluble alkaloids increased significantly, and there were no biliary liquor soaking procedures, the operation was simple, and the production cycle was short. As a method of adhering to Zhang Zhongjing＇s academic ideas and facilitating modern operations, it is worth exploring and inheriting.