音乐训练经历对听觉时域分析能力的影响

Influence of music training experience on analytical ability of auditory time domain

目的通过比较有无音乐训练经历的正常听力青年人的时域分析能力,探讨音乐训练对听觉功能的影响。方法选择双耳平均听阈≤20 d B HL,无耳科疾病的290名青年人作为研究对象,其中有多年专业音乐训练背景的受试者为音乐训练组(130例,平均24.2岁),其余为对照组(160例,平均21.3岁),分别进行时域间隔感知能力测试,记录受试者间隙检测阈值,并使用SPSS 20.0进行数据分析。结果音乐训练组受试者间隙检测阈值为(3.44±1.42)ms;对照组间隙检测阈值为(4.45±1.39)ms,两组数据差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。性别、耳别等因素对对照组的间隙检测阈值无明显影响(P>0.05)。可听度对间隙检测阈值有影响(P<0.05),当可听度<20 d B SL时,随给声强度增加间隙检测阈值明显下降;当可听度>20 d B SL时,随声强度增加间隙检测阈值无显著变化。结论听觉中枢时域处理能力与性别和耳别无关,受可听度影响,且音乐训练经历能明显提高时域处理能力。

Objective To explore the effect of music training on auditory function by comparing the time-domain analytical ability of normal hearing young people with or without music training experience.Methods 290 young adults whose average hearing threshold of both ears≤20 d B HL and without otology diseases were selected as subjects.Participants with years of professional music training background were categorized as music training group（n=130,mean age：24.2 years） and the rest were control group（n=160,mean age：21.3 years）.The time interval sensing ability test were conducted to two groups,respectively,the gap detection threshold of subjects were recorded,and data analysis was performed using SPSS 20.0.Results The threshold of gap detection was（3.44±1.42）ms in music training group and（4.45±1.39）ms in control group.The difference between the two groups was statistically significant（P〈0.05）.Gender,ears and other factors had no significant effect on the gap detection threshold in the control group（P〉0.05）.The audibility had an effect on the gap detection threshold（P〈0.05）.When the audibility is less than 20 d B SL,the threshold of gap detection decreases obviously with the increase of the sound intensity.When the audibility is greater than 20 d B SL,no significant was found.Conclusion The time-domain processing ability of auditory center has no relationship with gender and ears,while can be affected by audibility,and the music training experience can obviously improve the processing ability in time domain.