战后社区重建的可持续性模式探讨——以摩苏尔战后营地国际竞赛获奖作品为例

The Sustainable Model of Postwar Community Reconstruction——Taking the Award-winning Project in Mosul Postwar Camp International Competition as an Example

针对摩苏尔战后城市和建筑损毁严重,文化遗产遭到大规模"清扫",返乡居民无家可归等一系列问题,以"摩苏尔战后营地国际竞赛"获奖作品为例,提出了战后社区的重建策略:在战后资金、技术和人力匮乏的现实条件制约下,提出以居民为建设主体的阶段性社区营造;技术措施的选择以灵活性、在地性为原则,从整体布局到建筑局部均采用模块化的建造体系以及当地材料和工艺;同时关注居民的宗教信仰、文化习俗等因素,以实现对难民的人道主义关怀。即分别从时间、空间、人文的角度探讨了可适应现状条件并满足不同救灾阶段动态需求的可持续性的社区重建模式。

In view of the problems that city and buildings in Mosul severely damaged after the war and the cultural heritage having encountered a large-scale ＂cleansing＂, residents having become homeless and so on, this paper took the award-winning project in the Mosul Postwar Camp International Competition as an example, and studied the sustainable model of the postwar reconstruction of the community, and put forward the periodicity implementation of community construction, the modular construction system, the humanitarian concern for the refugees, so as to realize sustainable community reconstruction in the perspective of time, space and the humanistic perspective.