2008至2017年某市职业性森林脑炎流行病学与职业特征和临床表现

Epidemiological, Occupational Characteristics and Clinical Manifestation of Occupational Forest Encephalitis in HunlunBuir city during 2008-2017

目的分析某地区2008年至2017年职业性森林脑炎（职业病森脑）报告病例的流行病学和职业特征，为制定职业性森脑的预防控制措施提供科学依据。方法于2018年1月，利用中国疾病预防控制信息系统，建立该市2008至2017年职业性森脑病例数据库，分析其流行病学特征、职业特征、临床特征。结果2008年至2017年该市共报告职业性森脑291例，男性282例，女性9例，平均年龄43．6岁。时间分布2008年仅为1例，2011年最多为48例。分布地域主要集中牙克石市、鄂伦春自治旗、根河市。行业分布主要集中在林业，森林管护员112例。临床表现以头痛195例、发热168例为主，出现脑膜刺激征9例。ELISA森林脑炎IgG（＋）183例、IgM（＋）78例、IgG和IgG（＋）30例。结论该市职业性森脑病例数在不同地区和不同月份分布差异较大，应加强林业相关从业人员的森林脑炎疫苗接种及蜱虫职业防护工作，减少蜱虫叮咬和职业病的发生。

Objective To provide scientific evidence for Prevention and control measures of Occupational Forest Encephalitis （OFE） by analyzing the Epidemiologieal and occupational characteristics, clinical manifestation of OFE cases reported in HunlunBuir city during 2008-2017. Methods Based on the China Center for Disease Control and Prevention Information System, a database of OFE cases in HunlunBuir from 2008-2017 was established. The Epidemiological characteristics of OFE were analyzed including three distributions ,the available information includes 291 cases of population, geographical, periods, occupational distribution,clinical manifestations and laboratory examinations. Results There were 291 OFE cases in HunlunBuir from 2008 to 2017, including 287 cases of mild OFE, Moderate,Serve inl, 3 cases, 282 male. In the temporal distribution, the most cases were 48 cases in 2011, 119 casesin June. 33.7% of the cases （98） were reported in Yakeshi, following 29.2% and 21.3% inroqen Autonomous Banner （85）, Genhe （62）. Of 291 cases, male were in 282.The high incidence of OFE mainly existed in Forest management 112 （38.5%）. The most clinical manifestation were headache in 195 （67%）, fever in 168 （57.7%）. Conclusion The distribution of Occupational Forest Encephalitis cases in diverse regions and months in HunlunBuir are quite different. The occupational safety precautions of the forest workers and tick-borne encephalitis vaccines should be strengthened to reduce the occurrence of Occupational Forest Encephalitis.