腹腔注射法与吸入法建立急性一氧化碳中毒迟发性脑病动物模型的对比研究

Comparative study of animal models of delayed encephalopathy after acute carbon monoxide poisoning by intraperitoneal injection and inhalation

目的对比腹腔注射法与吸入法建立急性一氧化碳(CO)中毒迟发性脑病(DEACMP)动物模型的致死率、发病率。方法将336只180～230 g雄性wistar大鼠,采用随机数字表法分为腹腔注射法组(n=80)、吸入法组(n=240)、空白对照1,2组(每组n=8),腹腔注射法组按150 ml/kg腹腔注射CO制备DEACMP动物模型,吸入法组按CO中毒不同剂量,分为低剂量1 000 ppm组(n=80)(1 ppm=1 mg/L)、中等剂量3 000 ppm组(n=80)和高剂量4 000 ppm组(n=80),空白对照1组腹腔注射等体积空气,空白对照2组放入充满空气的染毒箱内。动态监测尾血碳氧血红蛋白(HbC O)水平,并通过水迷宫检测DEACMP的发病。结果 3 000 ppm组、4 000 ppm组及腹腔注射组造模死亡率分别为37.5%(30/80)、61.3%(49/80)、40.0%(32/80)。3 000 ppm组死亡率低于4 000 ppm组,差异具有统计学意义(χ~2=9.03,P=0.003);而与腹腔注射组比较,差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.11,P=0.746)。3 000 ppm组、4 000 ppm组及腹腔注射组DEACMP的发病率分别为40.0%(20/50)、41.9%(13/31)、14.6%(7/48)。3 000 ppm组DEACMP发病率高于腹腔注射组,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=7.93,P=0.005);而与4 000 ppm组比较,差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.03,P=0.860)。结论 3 000 ppm吸入中毒法为最佳DEACMP造模方式。

Objective The mortality and incidence of delayed encephalopathy after acute carbon monoxide poisoning（ DEACMP） rats were compared by intraperitoneal injection and inhalation.Methods 180-230 g male wistar rats were randomly divided into intraperitoneal injection group（ n = 80）,inhalation group（ n = 240） and control group 1 and control group 2（ n = 8,respectively）. According to150 ml/kg,DEACMP animal models were made by intraperitoneal injection in 150 ml/kg dose of carbon monoxide in intraperitoneal injection group. According to different doses of CO,rats in inhalation group were divided into low dose group（ 1 000 ppm,n = 80）,middle dose group（ 3 000 ppm,n = 80） and high dose group（ 4 000 ppm,n = 80）. Rats in blank control group were injected with equal volume of air（ control group 1） or were put in the cabin filled with air（ control group 2）. The concentration of carboxy hemoglobin（ Hb CO） in the tail blood was monitored and the incidence of DEACMP was detected by water maze test.Results The mortality of 3 000 ppm group,4 000 ppm group and intraperitoneal injection group were 37.5%（ 30/80）,61.3%（ 49/80） and 40.0%（ 32/80）,respectively. The mortality in 3 000 ppm group was lower than that in 4 000 ppm group,with statistical difference（ χ2= 9.03,P = 0.003）,but there was no significant difference between intraperitoneal group and 3 000 ppm group（ χ2= 0. 11,P = 0. 746）. The incidence of DEACMP in 3 000 ppm,4 000 ppm and intraperitoneal injection group was 40.0%（ 20/50）,41.9%（ 13/31） and 14.6%（ 7/48）,respectively. The incidence of DEACMP in 3 000 ppm group was higher than that in intraperitoneal injection group（ χ2= 7. 93,P = 0. 005）,but there was no significant difference between4 000 ppm group and 3 000 ppm group（ χ2= 0.03,P = 0.860）. Conclusion 3 000 ppm inhalation poisoning is the best way to build DEACMP animal model.