相当因果关系理论的规范化考察

The normal consideration of adequate causation theory

相当因果关系理论在我国司法实践中的运用限于事实层面,在学理上被通说定位为归因体系。通说的产生在很大程度上是基于相当因果关系的核心在于概率大小的判断。实际上,即使是客观归责理论也无法绕开概率判断,而且概率论虽然植根于本体论,但是在概率背后却存在规范的刑罚根据,可以对相当因果关系理论的合理性进行解读。相当因果关系理论不是一套归因体系,因为在涉及人类心理的场合、对概率大小及标准的判断、素材的选择上都需要进行规范判断。相当因果关系理论的必然走向是进一步规范化,这需要融入责任分配原理的考量,以及对具体下位规则进行填补。

Adequate causation limits in the layer of fact in our country＇s juridical practice,and is considered as the system of causation.The reason of this concept is regarding the core of the causation as the judgment of probability.In fact,the objective imputation theory cannot reject the judgment of probability.In addition,although adequate causation is based on the fact,it has the consideration of normal base of the penalty,which can explain the reason of adequate causation.Adequate causation is not a system of causation,but involves the factors of psychology,probability and the selection of materials.Adequate causation has a trend to become normal,which needs to consider the principle of responsibility allocation and specific rules.