加热炉汽化管段流速计算流程及过程数据优化

Procedure and Process Data Optimization for Flowrate Calculation of Vaporizing Pipe Section of Heating Furnace

加热炉是炼油及煤化工装置中常见的加热设备。某些加热炉,如减压炉、延迟焦化炉等炉管内介质为两相混合流体,而且其中的气相比例较高,此种类型加热炉汽化管段传热过程复杂,计算涉及气液两相流体,包含压力平衡、相平衡、热平衡等多个物理化学基本单元,管内流体的流速和流型、炉管尺寸的设计计算交互影响,需要制定迭代计算流程并在迭代计算过程中对部分过程数据进行人为干涉和优化。针对加热炉汽化段两相流管段,介绍了管内介质流速和临界流速计算方法、计算流程、流型预测、流速高限的判断方法及判定依据,通过实例示范算法的应用流程和过程数据优化的具体处理方法,可供同行参考和借鉴。

Heating furnace is common in oil refinery and coal chemical industry.The mediums in some heating furnace,such as vacuum heater,delayed coking furnace are mixtures of vapor and liquids,and there is a high gas phase rate in the mixture.The heat transfer process is complicated,the calculation of heating furnace vaporizing pipe section of this type involves vapor and liquid and contains multiple physical and chemical basic units including pressure equilibrium,phase equilibrium,thermal equilibrium,there exists interaction effects between calculations of medium flowrate,flow type and pipe size,which need to make a calculation procedure and manual interference and optimization of part calculated data are needed in the Iterative calculation process.Medium flowrate,critical flowrate within heating pipe,calculation procedure,flow type prediction,and judging method for high limits of flowrate are introduced.A practical example for vacuum heater pipe design and selection is provided to illustrate the application and process data optimization.The paper is expected to be a reference for the similar.