论翻译文化研究的三种类型及其文化转向

On Three Categories of Translation-related Cultural Studies and their Cultural Turns

文化问题是翻译研究绕不过去的话题,但由于视角不同,国内译学界长期以来对涉及翻译的文化研究存在认识上的混乱或误读。文章区分了三种类型的翻译文化研究,即翻译实践的文化研究、翻译活动的文化研究和翻译理论的文化研究,在已有研究的基础上分别讨论了这三类翻译文化研究的区别和联系,并指出,前两类文化研究均存在不同程度的"文化转向",第三类文化研究尚未发生"文化转向"。据此,文章认为,当前的第三类翻译文化研究具有发生文化转向的趋势,因此应注意并加强此类翻译文化研究中的文化转向研究,以期为国内翻译理论批评以及翻译理论史的重写开拓新的思路。

Culture is an indispensable topic in translation studies. However,there have been confusions and misunderstanding for long in China＇s academia due to different perspectives about cultural studies involving translation. This paper first classifies the cultural studies involving translation into cultural study in translation practice,in translation activity and in translation theory,then discusses their distinctions and connections,and points out that there has been Cultural Turn in the first two types of cultural studies to some extent and there is no Culture Turn in the third one. It further points out that the third type has a tendency of a Cultural Turn.Therefore,more attention should be paid to the study of the third type of cultural study to offer a newapproach to the criticism of Chinese translation theories as well as the rewriting of the history of Chinese translation theories.