草甘膦对南美蟛蜞菊的遗传毒性和生理的影响

Effects of Glyphosate on Physiology and Genotoxicity of Wedelia trilobata

用不同质量分数(3,6,9,12,15‰)的草甘膦溶液处理南美蟛蜞菊(Wedelia trilobata),测定其茎节不定根根尖细胞微核率和根长、叶片中谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶(GST)活性及叶绿素和莽草酸含量,以探讨草甘膦对南美蟛蜞菊的遗传毒性和生理的影响。结果表明,随着草甘膦质量分数的提高,南美蟛蜞菊根尖细胞微核率和不定根长分别呈上升和下降趋势;同时叶片中GST活性呈先升后降,叶绿素和莽草酸含量分别呈下降和上升趋势。显然草甘膦防控南美蟛蜞菊会有较好的效果。

The objective of this research was to investigate the genotoxicity and physiological effects of glyphosate on Wedelia trilobata. It was determined apical micronucleus ratio and length of adventitious roots of stems, and glutathione-s-transferase （GST） activity, chlorophyll and shikimate content of W. trilobata leaves-treated by different mass concentrations （3, 6, 9, 12, 15‰） of glyphosate. The results showed that with increase of glyphosate concentration apical micronucleus ratio increased and root length decreased respectively, which that of 15‰ treated group increased by 0.228 percentage points, and that of adventitious roots of stems reduced by 10.960cm compared to that of the untreated group. And GST activity increased first and then decreased, which that of 6‰ treated group increased by 0.019, 15‰ treated group decreased by 0.006 activity unit compared to that of the untreated group. Chlorophyll content reduced, and shikimate content increased, which chlorophyll of 15‰ treated group reduced by 0.277 mg/g, and shikimate increased by 2.110 mg/g compared to the untreated group. Therefore glyphosate has better effect of prevention and control for W. trilobata.