近10年青海省水资源利用时空格局分布

Spatial and Temporal Pattern Distribution of Water Resources Utilization in Qinghai Province in the Past 10 years

以青海省市级行政区为研究对象,综合重心分析模型、相对变化率、水资源利用效率等分析方法,从研究水资源时序移动轨迹、利用结构变化及水资源利用效率时空变化等三方面,探析2007—2016年青海省水资源利用时空格局特征。结果表明,受降雨、温度等因素影响,青海省水资源总量重心偏离几何重心,各年的重心移动轨迹具有不稳定性;水资源用量重心与GDP重心总体偏离几何重心的方向一致,年际移动轨迹呈"一"字形;全省用水总量空间变化幅度相对较小,人均用水量空间变化幅度较大;不同类型用水空间变化呈差异化,除生活用水变化幅度最小,其他类型用水空间变化幅度较大,各州市用水结构仍处于调整阶段;各州市的水资源利用效率时序变化呈多样化,分为增长型、下降型、变化幅度不明显型3种类型,全省过半的区域仍处于水资源利用效率较低效型及以下水平。

Taking Qinghai provincial-level administrative district as the research object, comprehensive gravity analysis model, relative change rate, water use efficiency and other analytical methods,the spatial-temporal pattern of water resources utilization in Qinghai Province from 2007 to 2016 were analyzed from the study of water resources time series trajectory, utilization structure change and water use efficiency time and space changes, etc..The result showed that： due to rainfall, temperature and other factors, the total center of gravity of water resources in Qinghai Province deviated from the geometric center of gravity, and the trajectory of the center of gravity movement in each year was unstable; the direction of gravity of the water resources usage and the center of gravity of the GDP deviated from the geometric center of gravity. The trajectory was in the shape of a “one”; the province’s total amount of water use had a relatively small spatial variation, and the per capita water consumption had a large spatial variation. The spatial changes of different types of water use were different, except for the smallest change in domestic water use, and other types of water use vary greatly.The water use structure of each city in the province was still in the adjustment stage.The seasonal changes in the water use efficiency of each city were diversified, divided into three types： growth, decline and insignificant change. More than half of the province’s regions were still at a lower level of water use efficiency and below.