不同水土保持植物种类对土壤物理性质的影响

The Effect of Different Soil and Water Conservation Plant Species on Soil Physical Properties

[目的]研究水土保持植物措施对土壤物理性质的影响。[方法]对种植侧柏、欧李、柠条、苜蓿和油松5种植物后土壤水分含量、孔隙度、容重、比重,以及3个深度(表土、20和40 cm)处剪切力进行测试。[结果]5种植物措施中,土壤水分含量、孔隙度、容重和比重均存在显著差异,其中水分含量为14.19~17.00 g/kg,孔隙度为42.07%~57.50%,容重为1.08~1.23 g/cm3,比重为2.09~2.77 g/cm3。不同植被间土壤剪切力表现为表土<20 cm处<40 cm处,其中表土为0.53~1.43 kg/cm2,20 cm处为0.83~1.52 kg/cm2,40 cm处为1.00~1.68 kg/cm2。同一深度不同植被间40 cm处无显著差异,表土和20 cm处存在显著差异。[结论]5种植被对土壤物理性质具有一定的影响,且差异显著,但土壤物理性质对植物种类无特定的响应。在水土保持林草措施的实施过程中,应根据具体目的和立地条件来选择植物种类和措施体系。

[Objective] To understand the effects of soil and water conservation plant species on soil physical properties. [Method] The physical properties （water content,porosity,bulk density,specific gravity,and shear stress （surface soil ,20 cm depth and 40 cm depth） of soils which have been planted Platycladus orientalis,Prunus humilis,Caragana korshinskii,Alfalfa and Pinus tabulaeformis were analyzed. [Result] In soil of five planted species,water content,porosity,bulk density and specific gravity had significant difference. Water content ranged from 14.19 g/kg to 17.00 g/kg,porosity was 42.07%-57.50%,bulk density was 1.08-1.23 g/kg,and specific gravity was 2.09-2.77 g/cm 2. All vegetations plant,shear stress in different depth were performance surface soil〈 20 cm 〈40 cm,while surface soil were from 0.53 kg/m 3 to 1.43 kg/m 3,20 cm were from 0.83 kg/hm 3 to 1.52 kg/m 3,and 40 cm was 1.00-1.68 kg/m 3. Between different plants,the shear stress at 40 cm not existed significant difference,while at surface soil and 20 cm depth have significant difference. [Conclusion] Five kinds plant have effects on soil physics properties,and existed significant difference. But not specific response between plant kinds and physical properties. In actual fact of soil and water conservation by forest and grass measures,should according to specific purpose and site conditions to select plant species and measure system.