湖北清江源烤烟质量评价

Quality Evaluation of Flue-cured Tobacco from Qingjiang Source in Hubei

[目的]评价分析湖北恩施产区烟叶质量,了解该产区的烟叶质量特色。[方法]通过对湖北恩施2016年主要产区烟叶外观质量、物理指标、化学成分、感官质量的评价,系统地了解其质量、风格、特色。[结果]恩施州烤烟外观质量中部好、上部较好、下部一般;6个品质因素中颜色、成熟度、叶片结构较好。单叶重控制较好、档次"适宜"样品占比70.99%,含梗率偏高,"超出上限"样品占比64.20%。化学成分整体较适宜,总氮、还原糖、钾、还原糖/碱、两糖比等指标适宜样品占比>60%。香型风格以中偏浓香型为主、占比55.3%,中间香型为辅、占比34.2%,少数浓偏中香型、占比10.5%。中部叶感官质量档次以"中等+"为主、占比64.7%,其次"较好-"、占比21.6%;上部叶感官质量档次以"中等+"为主、占比56.0%,其次"中等"、占比44.0%。主要不足表现为成熟度还有差距、上部身份较厚、油分总体不足,全州总糖含量偏高,氯含量偏低,上部叶工业可用性不高。[结论]该研究可为湖北恩施烟叶产区烤烟生产和烟叶采购加工、卷烟配方使用提供参考依据。

[Objective] The research aimed to evaluate and analyze the quality of tobacco leaves in the Enshi production area of Hubei Province, and to understand the quality characteristics of tobacco leaves in the production area.[Method]Through the evaluation of appearance quality, physical indicators, chemical components and sensory quality of tobacco leaves in main producing areas of Hubei in 2016, we systematically understood their quality, style and characteristics. [Result] The appearance quality of the flue-cured tobacco in Enshi was good in the middle, the upper part was better, and the lower part was generally;the color, maturity and leaf structure of the 6 quality factors were better. The single leaf weight control was better, the grade “suitable” sample was 70.99%, the stem ratio was high, and the “upper limit” sample was 64.20%. The chemical composition was generally suitable,the total nitrogen, reducing sugar, potassium, reducing sugar / alkali, two sugar ratio and other indexes were more than 60%. The scent type is mainly concentrated in the medium to dark flavor type, accounting for 55.3%, the middle flavor type was supplemented, accounting for 34.2%, and a few concentrated in strong to medium flavor type, accounting for 10.5%.The sensory quality grade of the middle leaf was mainly “medium＋”, accounting for 64.7%, followed by “better” and accounted for 21.6%. The sensory quality grade of the upper leaves was “medium＋”, accounting for 56.0%, followed by “middle” and accounted for 44.0%. The main shortcomings are the gap in maturity, the thicker upper part, and the overall lack of oil.The total sugar content in the state was higher, the chlorine content was lower, and the industrial availability of the upper leaves was not high.[Conclusion]The study can provide reference for the production of flue-cured tobacco and the purchase and processing of tobacco leaf and the use of cigarette formula in the tobacco producing area of Enshi, Hubei.