黄宗羲对古代太学取士之法的批判性重构

Huang Zongxi's Critical Reconstructionof the Method for the Ancient Imperial College Selecting Officials

黄宗羲在《明夷待访录》中直陈取士之弊,并提出了他理想中的取士方案,其中包括太学取士。在考察了历代太学取士之法的历史经验的基础上,黄宗羲完成了在太学生源方面从精英教育到普适教育、在考核主体方面从行政权威到学术权威、在铨选主体方面从人事行政部门到最高行政首脑的批判性重构,从而为他理想中的政治方案构建了一个庞大的社会基础——士人社会。

HUANG Zongxi made a direct statement about the shortcomings of selecting officials in ＂Mingyi Treated Visits Record＂ and put forward the plan of his ideal selection which includes the ImperialCollege selecting officials.On the basis of historical experiences on the investigation of the past dynasties ＇methods of the Imperial College selecting officials, HUANG Zongxi completed the critical reconstruction.Tobe specific,the source of Imperial College students was restructured from the elite education to the generaleducation;the principal evaluation body was restructured from the administrative authority to the academicauthority and the main body of selecting government officials was restructured from the personnel administration department to the supreme administrative leader.Thus,he constructed a huge social foundation for his i？deal political plan--the intellectual society.