糖尿病周围神经病变诊断方法的研究进展

Research Progress in Diagnosis of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy

糖尿病周围神经病变是糖尿病最常见的长期并发症之一,该病起病隐匿,早期发现较为困难,严重影响糖尿病患者的日常生活。随着技术进步,医师开始逐步重视早期检出率。目前,神经电生理检查仍被作为诊断金标准,定量感觉检查和一些常规筛查在临床上应用简便,但这些诊断方法主观性较强,易受环境影响。高频超声,超声弹性成像技术,磁共振神经成像及角膜共聚焦显微镜等新兴检查方法优势逐步显露。以上各种检查方法各有利弊,临床尚需进一步探索。

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy（DPN） is one of the most common long-term complications of diabetes mellitus.The onset of the disease is hidden and its early detection is difficult,which seriously affects the daily life of the patients with diabetes.As technology advances,physicians begin to pay more attention to the early detection rate of DPN.Neural electrophysiological test is still used as the gold standard of diagnosis.Quantitative sensory tests and some routine screening are more commonly used in clinical,but these diagnostic methods are more subjective and easy to be affected by environment.The advantages of high-frequency ultrasound,elastography,magnetic resonance imaging and corneal confocal microscope are emerging gradually.The various methods have their own advantages and disadvantages,needing further exploration in clinical.