1952—2016年合肥市高温热浪特征研究

Study on Characteristics of High Temperature and Heat Wave in Hefei City During 1952—2016

运用数理统计方法研究1952—2016年的逐日最高气温和高温热浪事件的趋势变化,结果表明:(1)合肥市的高温日数的平均气温的年际变化呈现上升趋势,1950—1967年和1989—2016年合肥市高温日数呈增加趋势,1968—1989高温日数呈减小趋势,9月份日最高气温增加趋势高于6、7月份的增加趋势,8月份的趋势呈减小趋势;(2)1953—2016年合肥市日最高气温在35℃以上(含35℃)共883 d,发生高温热浪事件的次数为115次,一般高温热浪(57次)和强高温热浪事件(51次)占高温热浪总次数的96%,极端高温热浪事件仅占高温热浪总次数的4%;(3)高温热浪事件整体呈略微下降趋势,但是7、8月的高温热浪事件呈增加趋势,其中7月份强和特强等级高温热浪次数高于其他月份,8月份在一般高温热浪和总次数上是最高的。

The trend ofdaily maximum temperature and heat wave events in Hefei city from 1952 to 2016 was studied by mathematical statistics. The results showed that, firstly,the average annual temperature of Hefei＇s high-temperature days showed an upward trend,with the number of high-temperature days increasing in 1950—1967 and 1989—2016 and decreasing in 1968—1989. The increasingtrend of the highest temperature in September was higher than that in June and July, but there was a decreasing trend in August.Secondly,the highesttemperatureabove 35℃ was 883 days andthe heat waveevents was 115 days. General heat waves（ 57 times） and severe heat waves（ 51 times） accounted for 96% of the total, while extreme heat waves only accounted for 4% of the total. Thirdly,high temperature and heat wave events generally showed a slight downward trend, but the events in July and August showed an increasing trend, among which the severe and extreme heat waves in July were higher than those in other months, and the general heat waves and total heat waves in August were the highest.