2000—2016年我国煤矿重特大事故统计分析

Statistics analysis of serious coal mine disasters from 2000 to 2016 in China

为遏制重特大安全事故,于公开发表或出版的文献资料中对2000—2016年我国煤矿重特大事故进行了收集整理,从时间、地域、经济类型、事故类别等角度进行分类统计,并结合煤矿重特大事故预防的困难性给予研究解释。2000年以来,我国煤矿重特大事故起数和死亡人数呈波动下降趋势; 3、4、5、11、12月是我国重特大事故的高发时期,是加强煤矿安全监管的重要时期;山西、黑龙江、河南、贵州、湖南5省重特大事故数量和死亡人数最多,是煤矿安全监管的重点区域;非国有煤矿重特大事故发生概率极高,是煤矿安全监管的重要对象;热动力灾害事故是煤矿重特大事故的主体,是科学研究、安全监管和投入的关键所在。煤矿危险源广布、无法彻底消除,现有技术无法长期有效治理;煤炭产量大,开采与安全保障技术、管理水平发展不平衡,是重特大事故预防困难的根本原因和直接原因。

In order to ＂resolutely hold back disasters＂ ,the authors collected the coal mine disasters from 2000 to 2016 in the published literature and sorted out them according to time, region, ownership and type, and combined them with the explanation of difficuhy to prevent disasters in coal mines, then gave them a rational analysis. Since the year of 2000, the number of coal mine disasters and its deaths presented a fluctuating decline;the months of 3,4,5,11 and 12 are the high incidence time interval and the safetyregulation should be strengthen during these period of fime;Shanxi, Heilongjiang, Henan, Guizhou and Hunan Provinces have the most of disasters, so the mines in these provinces should be managed emphatically;non-state-owned coal mines is the mines with the highest occurrence probability of disaster, so they are the important manage objects; thermal dynamic accidents are the absolute main body of disasters in coal mines as the key point of safety technology research, regulation and investment in order to prevent mine disasters. The hazards of coal and gas exist and cannot be completely eliminated in coal mines. The existing technology cannot effectively control them from Beginning to end. The large production of coal, the unbalanced development of mining, safety technology and management are the fundamental and direct causes of difficulty to prevent disasters in coal mines.