河西绿洲区草畜间粗蛋白质和能量供求关系及其调控措施

<title>Supply and demand of nutrient between livestock and forage and its forage provision plan in oasis region of Hexi corridor

绿洲的健康发展是河西走廊持续发展的关键和山地绿洲荒漠复合系统耦合的核心。发展草畜产业是保护绿洲和实现复合系统耦合的重要途径。以位于河西走廊中部和黑河流域中游的临泽县为例,分析了河西走廊绿洲区草畜间粗蛋白质和能量的供求关系,并提出了调控措施。结果表明,在目前生产条件下,临泽县天然草地和饲料总量是270094.30t,其所含的粗蛋白质和能量分别是16479.78t,4026.20TJ,这只能满足现有存栏家畜生存所需的粗蛋白质6988.78t和能量3581.75TJ,远低于家畜正常生产所需的38438.29t和4752.37TJ,其中饲草匮缺9.76%,粗蛋白质匮缺21958.51t,占57.13%,能量匮缺726.17TJ,占15.28%。蛋白质匮缺比能量和饲草匮缺要严重的多,是草畜营养平衡的瓶颈和焦点。要补给匮缺的粗蛋白质,满足家畜正常的生产,以紫花苜蓿(Medicagosativa)计算,需种草18298.76hm2。

<Abstrcat>The oasis region is the core of mountainoasisdesert system in Hexi corridor and its healthy development is the key component of sustainable development of Hexi corridor. Developing grass and animal industry by increasing planting grasses, accompanying by reducing irrigation cropland, is an important way to improve environment of oasis and balance water resources' utilization in the reaches of river, and to establish coupling system. The Linze county is a typical region because of its location on the middle of Hexi corridor and on the middle reaches of Heihe River. As a case, the study put forward a plan of forage and follder supplies after analyzing supply and demand of nutrient between livestock and forage. The study pointed out that the forage and its containing protein and energy were equal to livestock demand under keeping alive, but were greatly smaller than livestock demand under their productive condition. Crude protein lack of 21 958.51 t, about 57.13%, and energy lack of 726.17 TJ, about 15.28%. 18 298.76 hm2 cropland was asked to planting alfalfa (Medicago sativa) to provide lacked crude protein and energy, in order to balance supply and demand of nutrient between livestock and forage in Linze county.