碳关税与WTO规则的适应关系及中国应对

The Accommodation of Carbon Tariff to WTO Rules and China's Response to Their Incompatibility

碳关税的本质是以环境保护为名的单边贸易保护措施,能够形成新的贸易壁垒,阻止他国产品进入本国市场。但是,碳关税措施与WTO的非歧视原则存在冲突,援引环境例外规则亦存在困难,因此并不具有合法性。中国可以从国际法和国内法两个方面应对未来可能面临的碳关税问题,一方面在国际气候合作中坚决主张排放权是一种发展权;另一方面应积极推进国内减排政策及碳交易市场建设法律体系的完善。

The essence of carbon tariffs is a unilateral trade protective measure in the name of environmental protection. Carbon tariffs can create new trade barriers and prevent other countries＇ products from entering the domestic market. However, carbon tariffs measures are in conflict with the WTO＇s non-discrimination principles. And it is difficult to invoke Environmental Exclusion Clause. Therefore it is illegitimacy. China can deal with the issue of carbon tariffs that may be faced in the future from two aspects the international and domestic law. On the one hand, China should firmly advocate that carbon emission right is a right to development in international climate cooperation. On the other hand, China should positively promote the improvement of domestic emission reduction policies and the legal system for carbon trading market construction.