基于“三生”空间的国土空间开发利用分析——以浙江省为例

Development and Utilization of Land Spaces in View of the Spaces for Production, Ecological and Domestic Purposes——The Case Study of Zhejiang Province

浙江省生产生活空间利用充分,剩余可开发空间十分有限;陆域的生态资源和海洋空间资源丰富;用于生产和生活的新增建设空间紧张;农业空间、生态空间、海洋空间的开发保护定位逐步优化,各区域功能不断完善,开发利用效益逐步提高;各类空间粗放利用的状况没有根本扭转,资源承载能力下降,"三生"空间存在生产空间质量低下、生活空间粗放低效、生态空间污染萎缩等问题。在空间治理体系现代化新要求背景下,特别要注重以下几点:加强区域协作;完善空间规划体系;守好基本农田和生态两条红线;推进集聚集约发展;借助开发强度,管控城镇扩展规模;高效配置人口和经济社会资源要素,综合调控各类空间利用需求;构建生活、生产和生态协调有序的空间格局。

The main problems that Zhejiang province faces in its efforts to promote development and utilization of land spaces include the following. First, production and domestic spaces are fully utilized, leaving too little remaining exploitable spaces. Second, Zhejiang province is rich in terrestrial ecological resources and marine space resources, while new construction space for production and domestic purposes is tight. Third, development and protection for agricultural space, ecological space and marine space has been optimized gradually; the functions of various regions are constantly improved; and the benefts of development and utilization have been gradually improved; however, the extensive use of all kinds of spaces has not been fundamentally reversed; the carrying capacity of resources has been dropped signifcantly; the quality of production space is low; living space is extensive and ineffcient; ecological space is polluted and shrunk. In the context of the modernization of space governance system, we must lay emphasis on the following： enhancing efforts to region cooperation; developing system to make a plan for the space; drawing red lines for ecological and basic farmland protection; promoting agglomeration and intensive development; controlling the scale of urban expansion with the help of development intensity; effciently allocating resource elements with regard to population, economy and society; comprehensively regulating and controlling various space utilization needs; building a harmonious and orderly spatial pattern of living, production and ecology.