居然别有弦歌曲--清末民初的说唱艺术与社会生活

Speaking-singing Arts and Social Life in Late Qing and Early Republican China

说唱艺术在清末发展至鼎盛,穿透城乡、阶层、国族、性别的区隔,得到几乎整个社会的广泛参与,开辟出一种自由平等、反秩序的文化场域。参与者以曲犯禁,与执法者博弈抗争取得宽阔的活动空间;同时以集会行会等形式自发组织,维护权益、解决纠纷、自娱自助,有较高的自治水平。民国中期政治经济形势剧变,在战乱、饥荒、管制、"改良"、暴力、舆论等多方冲击下,说唱艺术走向衰落。清末民初说唱艺术的繁盛状况、组织方式和发展轨迹,展现了它在历史转折期对社会生活的参与、调试、抗争和承担。

Speaking-singing arts bridged the gaps between different social hierarchies,nationalities,genders,urban and rural areas, and reached culmination in late Qing and early Republican China. Participated by almost the whole society, speaking-singing arts established a cultural space which was comparatively equal, free, and anti-order.Participants bargained and struggled with law-executors to maintain their activity spaces, meanwhile, they voluntarily organized associations and assemblies,to safeguard rights and interests, to resolve disputes, and to entertain themselves, with a fair degree of autonomy. Since the economic and public upheavals in the 1930 s,speaking-singing arts declined as the result of wars, famines, supervisions,reformations, violence, and public opinions. Speakingsinging arts not only made active involvement and influence in social life,but also were affected by social life in late Qing and early Republican China.