双重福利获得与老年人社会参与的关系研究——基于中国适度普惠社会福利数据库的实证分析

The Relationship between Gaining Welfare and Social Participation of the Elderly:Based on the Database of China's Appropriate Universal Social Welfare

老年人社会参与是"积极老龄化"的核心内涵。本研究假设老年人社会参与与制度性福利(包括养老保险、医疗保险和医疗救助)和社区性福利(包括老年人活动设施和社区照顾)的获得存在正相关关系。基于中国适度普惠社会福利调查数据库中对四个城市老人调查资料分析,发现养老保险、老年人活动设施、社区照顾等福利获得变量和老年人的社会参与呈正相关关系,而医疗救助的获得和老年人社会参与呈负相关关系;医疗保险的获得则对于老年人的社会参与没有显著的相关性。基于研究发现,提出要建设以需要为本的组合式普惠型老年人福利制度,有针对性地增加老年人制度性福利获得和社区性福利获得,促进老年人社会参与,提升他们生活意义。

With the advent of China＇s aging society,the social inclusion of the elderly as the core content of＂active aging＂has become an important research topic.Based on the Database of China＇s appropriate universal-type social welfare,we assume that the acquisition of institutional benefits（including pension insurance,medical insurance,and medical assistance）and community benefits（including elderly activity facilities and neighborhood care）are positively related to the social participation of the elderly.Through the analysis of SPSS,it was found that there was a positive correlation between the benefits of pension insurance,elderly activity facilities,neighborhood care,and social participation of the elderly.And the acquisition of medical assistance is negatively related to the social participation of the elderly.The acquisition of medical insurance is not significantly related to the social participation of the elderly.Based on the findings of this study,it pointed out that it was necessary to provide the mix of universal welfare Institution for elderly,which increase the institutional welfare of the elderly furtherly;and to speed up the construction of community welfare facilities and to improve the provision of community welfare services,which can improve the community＇s welfare benefits for the elderly.The changing can promote the enthusiasm of the elderly for social participation.