大鼠肾间质纤维化模型建立与活血药抗肾间质纤维化研究

Establishment of Rat Model of Renal Interstitial Fibrosis and Experimental Study of Blood Activating Drug Action on Anti-renal Interstitial Fibrosis

目的：观察单侧输尿管结扎方法制备大鼠肾间质纤维化模型的效果并探讨活血药抗肾间质纤维化的研究进展。方法：实验大鼠肾间质纤维化模型采用单侧输尿管结扎的方法制备,分别于术后2周和4周后检查尿液分析肾功能以及应用HE、Masson染色观察肾脏病理变化,探讨活血药对肾间质纤维化的研究进展。结果：模型组2周后呈现血清肌酐（Scr）、血清尿素氮（BUN）升高,4周后血清肌酐（Scr）、血清尿素氮（BUN）、尿蛋白水平显著升高,与正常组相比较均有统计学意义;病理学检测模型组镜下可见典型肾间质纤维化表现,伴有硬化,系膜细胞和基质弥漫性轻微增生。模型组4周后可见肾小管出现萎缩的病理变化,呈现出多灶状或大片状改变,部分肾小管组织呈现肿胀、空泡样变性或伴有脱落、刷状缘细胞消失,肾间质纤维化显著,炎性细胞浸润明显。结论：应用单侧输尿管结扎可建立稳定的肾间质纤维化实验模型,造模方法得当,可明显降低死亡率。活血药抗肾间质纤维化的作用机理研究不断进步。

Objective：To observe the effect of unilateral ureteral ligation method for preparing renal interstitial fibrosis model and to discuss the research progress of anti-renal interstitial fibrosis. Methods：Rat renal interstitial fibrosis models were prepared by unilateral ureteral ligation. Urine analysis and renal function were examined 2 weeks and 4 weeks after operation. HE and Masson staining were used to observe pathological changes of the kidneys. To explore the research progress of blood-activating drugs on renal interstitial fibrosis. Results：Serum creatinine（Scr）and serum urea nitrogen（BUN）increased in the model group after 2 weeks,Scr,BUN,and urinary protein levels increased significantly after 4 weeks,compared with the normal group. All were statistically significant;the pathological examination model group showed typical renal interstitial fibrosis,with sclerosis,diffuse proliferation of mesangial cells and matrix. The pathological changes of renal tubular atrophy appeared in the model group after 4 weeks,showing a multi-focal or large-flaky change,some of the tubular tissue showed swelling,vacuolar degeneration or detachment,disappearance of the brush border cells,interrenal significant fibrosis and significant infiltration of inflammatory cells. Conclusion：The application of unilateral ureteral ligation can establish a stable experimental model of renal interstitial fibrosis. The mechanism of anti-renal interstitial fibrosis of blood-activating drugs has been continuously studied.