550例甘肃地区绝经后骨质疏松症患者中医体质分布规律调查分析

Analysis of the Distribution of Traditional Chinese Medicine in 550 Patients with Postmenopausal Osteoporosis in Gansu Province

目的：调查分析绝经后骨质疏松症（postmenopausal osteoporosis,PMOP）患者的中医体质分布特点,为开展中医综合疗法干预的临床研究提供调查依据。方法：参照《中医体质分类与判定》标准对2015年9月—2017年3月在甘肃省中医院就诊的门诊及住院550例PMOP患者进行问卷调查,采用SPSS21.0统计分析软件分析该类患者各种体质类型分布规律及其与病程、年龄、体质指数（BMI）等相关因素的关系。结果：本调查发放问卷共600份,回收563份（93.8%）,有效问卷550份（91.7%）,PMOP患者中医体质类型出现的频率依次为阴虚质158例（28.8%）〉阳虚质124例（22.54%）〉血瘀质86例（15.6%）〉气虚质72例（13.1%）〉湿热质44例（8.0%）〉痰湿质40例（7.3%）〉平和质17例（3.01%）〉气郁质5例（1.1%）〉特禀质4例（0.7%）;不同年龄段、病程、体质指数（BMI）的PMOP患者中医体质分布规律不同。各体质类型间,与不同病程分布、不同年龄段差异有统计学意义,与不同体质指数（BMI）差异无统计学意义。结论：绝经后骨质疏松症患者前3种体质类型为阴虚质、阳虚质、血瘀质;且不同病程间、不同年龄段分布存在差异,早期以阴虚质为主,后期以阳虚质、血瘀质为主。

Objective：To investigate and analysis in postmenopausal osteoporosis（PMOP）the patients＇ physical distribution characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine,for the clinical research of TCM comprehensive therapy intervention to provide research basis. Methods：By reference to the Chinese medicine constitution classification and decision standard from September 2015 to March 2015 in Gansu provincial hospital of traditional Chinese medicine clinic and the questionnaire survey to 550 PMOP patients in hospital,using statistical analysis software SPSS21.0 to analysis this kind of patients with a variety of physical types distribution rule and the course of the disease,age,body mass index（BMI）,and other related factors. Results：The survey questionnaire,a total of 600,the recovery of 563（93.8%）,effective questionnaire were 550（91.7%）,TCM constitution type frequency of PMOP patients of Yin deficiency quality in 158 cases（28.8%） 〉Yang deficiency quality 124 cases（22.54%） 〉blood stasis quality 86 cases（15.6%）〉Qi deficiency quality 72 cases（13.1%）〉-damp-heat quality 44 cases（8.0%） 〉phlegm dampness quality of 40 cases（7.3%） 〉gentle quality of 17 cases（3.01%）〉 Qi depression quality in 5 cases（1.1%）〉,special quality of 4 cases（0.7%）;Different age,course of disease,body mass index（BMI）of PMOP patients had different constitution distribution. There was a statistical significance in the distribution of different diseases. There was no significant difference between different age groups and body mass index（BMI）. Conclusion：The three types of premenopausal osteoporosis are Yin deficiency quality,Yang deficiency quality and blood stasis quality. There are differences in distribution between different stages of disease,mainly in the early stages of Yin deficiency quality,and mainly in the later stage with Yang deficiency quality and blood stasis quality.