吉林省2001-2014年麻疹分子流行病学分析

Molecular epidemiology of measles in Jilin province,2001-2014

目的研究2001-2014年吉林省麻疹分子流行病学特征。方法选取54株2001-2014年吉林省麻疹病毒株作为代表株,用Vero/Slam细胞进行病毒分离,用逆转录-聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）对麻疹病毒核蛋白羧基端450个核苷酸片段进行扩增,并对扩增产物进行序列测定和分析。结果在2001-2014年54株麻疹流行株中,1株属于A基因型（疫苗株）,其他53株均为H1基因型H1a亚型。53株麻疹病毒流行株之间相比、流行株分别与Chin9322/H1a、Shanghai-191/China-vaccine毒株相比,其核苷酸和氨基酸同源性均随年代推移逐渐减小;其中A传播链基因保守,自2001年一直稳定流行;B传播链逐步形成独立分支,且传播范围不断扩大。结论吉林省麻疹病毒流行株在14年中逐渐分化为两个进化支,两个传播链不断蔓延扩散。建议持续监测麻疹病毒基因特征和传播情况。

Objective To determine molecular epidemiological characteristics of measles virus in Jilin province during 2001-2014. Methods We selected 54 reference strains of measles viruses isolated in Jilin during 2001-2014 using Vero/Slam cells,and we amplified the 450 nucleotide fragments of the C-terminal nucleoprotein by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction（ RT-PCR） for sequence analysis. Results Among the 54 measles virus strains obtained during 2001-2014,one strain was A genotype（ vaccine strain）,and 53 strains were H1 a genotype. Nucleotide and amino acid homologies showed decreasing trends by year within the 54 strains,between these strains and Chin9322/H1 a strain,and between theses strains and Shanghai-191/China-vaccine strain. Transmission chain A was conserved and had spread steadily since 2001,while transmission chain B gradually became a widespread independent branch. Conclusions Measles virus strains evolved into two clades in 14 years in Jilin. The two transmission chains continually spread. We should continue to monitor measles virus genes and transmission of measles virus.