新疆吾尔自治区两个县中学生含麻疹和风疹成分疫苗接种率和接种意愿调查

Measles and rubella vaccination coverage and willingness to vaccinate middle school students in two counties of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

目的分析新疆吾尔自治区中学生含麻疹成分疫苗（MCV）和含风疹成分疫苗（RCV）接种率及麻疹风疹联合疫苗（MR）的接种意愿。方法采用分层整群抽样方法选择北疆的木垒县和南疆的和田市4所中学的学生及其家长,进行问卷调查,分析MCV和RCV接种率、MR接种意愿率。结果木垒县、和田市1剂次MCV接种率分别为98.72%（462/468）、82.81%（183/221）（χ~2=63.58,P〈0.01）;2剂次MCV分别为87.39%（409/468）、47.96%（106/221）（χ~2=123.64,P〈0.01）;两个地区1剂次RCV接种率分别为34.83%（163/468）、13.12%（29/221）（χ~2=35.19,P〈0.01）;2剂次RCV分别为3.85%（18/468）、0.90%（2/221）（Fisher＇s确切概率法,P=0.40）。家长、学生MR接种意愿率分别为87.64%（879/1 003）、79.96%（802/1 003）,均以木垒县高于和田市。Logistic回归分析显示,对疫苗安全性的信任度、听说过麻疹、对风疹的认知是影响家长接种意愿的因素。结论南疆和北疆中学生MCV、RCV接种率均存在较大差异,建议因地制宜地开展中学生MR的补种工作。

Objective To investigate coverage of measles containing vaccine（ MCV） and rubella containing vaccine（ RCV） and willingness to vaccinate middle school students in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region with measles and rubella combined vaccine（ MR）. Methods We used a stratified cluster sampling strategy to select students and their parents from 4 middle schools of Mulei county（ northern area）and Hotan city（ southern area） for a survey to measure MCV and RCV coverage and to assess willingness to be vaccinated with MR. Results Coverage levels for the first MCV dose in Mulei and Hotan,respectively,were 98. 72%（ 462/468） and 82. 81%（ 183/221）（ χ~2= 63. 58,P〈0. 01）; coverage levels for the second MCV dose were 87. 39%（ 409/468） and 47. 96%（ 106/221）（ χ~2= 123. 64,P〈0. 01）.Coverage levels for the first RCV dose in the two regions were 34. 83%（ 163/468） and 13. 12%（ 29/221）（ χ~2= 35. 19,P〈0. 01）; coverage levels for the second RCV dose were 3. 85%（ 18/468） and 0. 90%（ 2/221）（ Fisher＇s exact test,P = 0. 40）. The willingness to accept MR among parents and students was 87. 64%（ 879/1 003） and 79. 96%（ 802/1 003）,respectively; willingness was higher in Mulei than in Hotan. Logistic regression analysis showed that parental trust of vaccine safety,knowledge about measles,and knowledge about rubella were factors influencing willingness of parents to have their students vaccinated. Conclusions Significant differences in MCV and RCV coverage among middle school students was seen between southern and northern Xinjiang. We suggest a catch-up MR immunization for middle school students.