天津市儿童家长预防接种态度及第二类疫苗管理新机制认知调查

Parental attitudes toward vaccination and knowledge about updated regulations for Category Ⅱ vaccines in Tianjin

目的了解天津市儿童家长对预防接种工作的态度和第二类疫苗管理新机制的认知。方法在全市随机抽取36家常规预防接种门诊,于2017年4-5月在每家接种门诊接种现场采用便利抽样选取25名〈3岁儿童的家长,开展家长态度和认知调查。结果在900名调查对象中,99.11%表示信任预防接种;83.67%和74.78%分别能够分辨＂疾病可以治疗,疫苗作用不大＂和＂接种疫苗过多会影响发育＂的错误认知;38.44%知道第二类疫苗管理新机制;希望获取疫苗安全性和有效性信息分别占68.33%、55.67%;希望通过接种医生、告知手册、手机APP获取疫苗知识分别占69.89%、64.00%、31.33%。结论天津市儿童家长对预防接种信任度高,而对第二类疫苗管理新机制认知少。应加强儿童家长预防接种知识和第二类疫苗管理新机制的宣传教育。

Objective To determine parental attitudes toward vaccination and knowledge about the updated regulations for Category Ⅱ vaccines in Tianjin. Methods We randomly selected 32 immunization clinics in Tianjin and used a convenience sampling strategy to select 25 parents of 3-year-old children from each clinic in April-May 2017 for a survey of parental attitudes and knowledge. Results Among900 subjects,99. 11% trusted immunization; 83. 67% and 74. 78% could recognize as incorrect the statements,＂Disease can be treated while vaccines have little effect＂and ＂Too much vaccination may affect the growth of children,＂respectively; 38. 44% knew about the updated Category Ⅱ regulations;68. 33% and 55. 67% would like to acquire information of vaccine safety and effectiveness,respectively;69. 89%,64. 00%,and 31. 33% wanted to acquire vaccination knowledge from vaccination doctors,handbook,and a mobile APP,respectively. Conclusions Parents have high confidence in vaccination in Tianjin,but have little knowledge about the updated regulations for Category Ⅱ vaccines. We should strengthen health education about vaccination and the Category Ⅱ vaccine regulations.