民族生态学视野下的现代科学技术

Modern Science & Technology from the Perspective of Ethno-ecology

现代科学技术只是西方背景下生成的一种认识人与自然关系的理论范式,本质上是西方社会中的"民族科学"。随着西方国家的殖民扩张和文化霸权的扩散,现代科学技术的普适性被夸大,逐渐压制其他族群传统上固有的知识智慧,并经由现代化前景的诱惑,进而逐步确立其"现代全球科学"的至高地位。作为文化中的组成部分,现代科学技术必然存在时空限制性,因此在应用到具体的、历史的地域时会表现出明显的相对性。为今之计是,既要充分发挥现代科学技术的积极作用,又要警惕其可能带来的破坏性,通过吸收、利用传统生态知识,尽可能避免出现各种类型的环境问题和生态灾难,真正实现人类社会的可持续发展。

Modern science technology is a theoretic paradigm produced in the Western context to understand the relationship between humans and nature, and is essentially an ethno-science in Western society. With the colonial expansion and cultural hegemony of Western countries, the applicability of Modern science technology has been exaggerated in general, pressing other traditionally-inherent ethnic knowledge and wisdom. Modern science technology then gradually establishes the supreme status of the ＂modern global science＂ through the temptation of modernization. As part of culture, Modern science technology is inevitably influenced by the time and space constraints, and will show its relativity in the application of the concrete and historical region. The plan for today is that we should give full play to the positive role of Modern science technology, but we should also be aware of its potential destruction. We should absorb and use traditional ecological knowledge in order to avoid all kinds of environmental problems ecological disasters as far as possible and to realize the sustainable development of human society.