民国时期中学数学课程内容的发展历程及其启示

The Development Process of Knowledge Amount of the Chinese Middle School Mathematics Curriculum Content in the Republic of China Period

以民国时期颁布的5部数学课程标准及商务印书馆出版的系列数学教科书为研究对象,对中学数学课程内容的变化进行梳理得出：中学数学课程内容知识领域范围不断扩大,知识单元数量也由少增多.其中,既有近现代数学知识领域及知识单元的不断加入,也有因学制延长而出现的旧内容的螺旋重复.从总体上来看,算术、代数、几何、三角知识领域是民国时期中学数学保持不变的传统知识领域,微积分、概率、统计、线性代数是随时代发展增加的近现代数学知识领域;三角内容是最为稳定的,算术、几何知识内容次之,代数、解析几何内容变动最大,初中数学内容的稳定性大于高中.其发展变化历程对当今中学数学课程改革有以下启示：中学数学课程内容知识量的调整应把握好稳定与发展的关系;中学数学课程内容中＂核心知识＂应随数学和时代发展而变化.

Take six mathematics curriculum standards and series of textbooks published by the Commercial Press as subject and card the curriculum content found： the range of knowledge areas was more and more large and the units of knowledge was increasing. In addition, there were new knowledge units and modern knowledge unit were continue to join and also had some new knowledge units that were added by the extension of academic structure and the spiraling repetition of old contents. Simultaneously, also some contents were adjusted or changed by the policy. On the whole, the field of arithmetic, algebra, geometry and triangulation was the area of traditional knowledge which the middle school had kept in the period of the Republic of China. Calculus, probability, statistics and linear algebra were the modern knowledge fields which were increasing with the times. Middle school algebra knowledge field keep the equation as the main line, and high school algebra, geometry and analytic geometry knowledge would be due to the division of science and technology and constantly make content adjustment. The development process of mathematics curriculum reform in middle school had the following enlightenment： the change of knowledge content of middle school mathematics course content should grasp the relationship between stability and development; the ＂core knowledge＂ in the content of middle school mathematics curriculum should change with the development of mathematics and times.