科学与宗教:同源、对立到对话

Science and Religion: From Homology,Conflict to Dialogue

科学与宗教既非绝对对立关系,也并非简单的互补关系。在不同的历史时期,科学与宗教的关系表现为不同的特征。从动态的视角考察两者的关系,既符合历史,也符合逻辑。古代自然科学依附于占统治地位的宗教神学,两者同根同源,难分彼此,很少对立。近代自然科学日益发展壮大,独立于宗教神学,两者表现为对立统一的特征,但冲突是主流。而在科学昌明的现代,科学观念占主导地位,宗教让步于现代科学,两者关系缓和,以对话为主,宗教表现出了鲜明的科学化的倾向。

The relations between science and religion are neither regarded as absolutely in conflict,nor simply compatible with the other. Instead,different characteristics emerge in different historical periods. It is suitable to explore the relations between science and religion in the dynamic perspective and thus the approach is consistent with both history and logic. The natural science adhered to the religion which was dominant in ancient times,they both had the same roots,so it was difficult to distinguish from each other,and therefore they were rarely in conflict. The modern science developed increasingly and became independent of religious theology,so they were a unity of opposites. However,conflict was the mainstream. In the flourishing times of science,the sense of science is the mainstream thought form. Religion has given way to modern science and the relations of them have been easing up. Moreover,dialogue is the mainstream and the trends of scientific style emerge in religion distinctly.