社会信任提升有益于农业转移人口创业吗——基于中国综合社会调查(CGSS)数据的实证分析

Does Social Trust Improve Rural-Urban Migration Entrepreneurship?An Empirical Analysis Based on CGSS Data

利用2013年中国综合社会调查(CGSS)数据,采用Probit模型和最大似然估计,以收入分配公平感知度作为工具变量,实证检验社会信任水平的提升能否促进农业转移人口的创业选择,其影响效应是否因创业类型的不同而有所差异这一重要命题,而后进一步借助Tobit模型来考察社会信任对创业强度的影响。研究发现:第一,控制其他影响因素的干扰,同时考虑了内生性问题之后,社会信任对农业转移人口创业选择仍具有显著且稳健的正向影响;第二,较之于宽口径的创业(包括"自雇"和"雇佣他人"两种经营模式),社会信任对窄口径的"雇佣他人"型创业的边际效应更大且更显著;第三,较高的社会信任水平对创业企业健康成长具有显著的促进效应;第四,收入分配的公平感知与社会信任之间有着显著的正相关关系。研究结果表明,通过建构全面平衡充分的服务供给机制和信用体系,营造诚实守信的社会文化环境来提升社会信任水平,将有助于进一步激发民众的创业潜能。

Drawing upon data from Chinese General Social Surveys,adopting Probit model and Maximum Likelihood Estimation,and using income distribution fair perception as a Instrumental variable,this paper empirically tests whether the improvement of social trust level can promote Rural-Urban Migration Entrepreneurship and impact effects is different due to the different types of entrepreneurship.Then,we further use Tobit model to examine the impact of social trust on entrepreneurial intensity.Research discoveries:1)After controlling the interference of other factors and taking the endogeneity problem into account,regressions showsocial trust still has a significant and robust positive impact on entrepreneurial choice of Rural-Urban Migration;2)Compared with the wide caliber entrepreneurship(It includes two modes of operation:"self employment"and"hiring others"),the marginal effect of social trust on narrowcaliber"hiring others"type is greater and more significant;3)The higher level of social trust has a significant promoting effect on the healthy growth of entrepreneurial enterprises;4)There is a significant positive correlation between fairness perception of income distribution and social trust.The results showthat it will help to further stimulate the potential of the people’s entrepreneurial potential,by constructing a fully balanced service supply mechanism and credibility cultural environment to improve the level of social trust.