深圳市福田区2005—2017年妊娠梅毒流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis of syphilis in pregnancy in Futian District, Shenzhen, 2005-2017

目的探讨妊娠梅毒的流行病学特征,为制定防控策略提供依据。方法对深圳市福田区2005年1月—2017年12月的孕产妇以RPR和TRUST试验免费筛查梅毒,初筛妊娠梅毒阳性患者以TPPA试验确证,对发现妊娠梅毒阳性患者进行流行病学调查,以Epidata录入资料,采用SPSS统计软件进行分析。结果 2005—2017年共检出孕产妇梅毒患者1 325例,年平均检测阳性率0.23%,患者平均年龄为(29.05±4.85)岁,患者多为无业/待业,其次为干部职员,文化程度以初中文化学历为主,暂住人口占88.23%,78.19%患者在<28周即发现并确诊梅毒,98.87%患者为隐性梅毒患者,血清滴度多低于1∶4。结论加强对文化程度低、无业/待业的暂住孕妇人群的健康教育以及在孕早期进行梅毒筛查是有效阻断梅毒母婴垂直传播的主要措施。集中管治可为患者提供有效的规范治疗与随访。

Objective To investigate the epidemiologic feature of syphilis in pregnancy, provide scientific basis formaking effective prevention and control strategies. Methods The epidemiological data of syphilis in pregnancy werecollected by Epidata and statistically analyzed by SPSS from 2005 to 2017 in Futian District. Results A total of 1 325 syphilis in pregnancy patients were diagnosed from 2005 to 2017 with the average syphilis-positive rate of 0.23%. The meanage of patients was（29.05±4.85） years old. Most of the patients were unemployed, followed by cadres and staff members, andthe educational level was mainly junior high school education. The transient population accounted for 88.23%, 78.19% of thepatients were diagnosed before 28 weeks, 98.87% of them were latent syphilis, and most of the patients′ blood titers level wereless than 1∶4. Conclusion Strengthening the health education for the unemployed pregnant women with low education levelin transient population and screening for syphilis in early pregnancy were the main measures to effectively block the mother-to-child transmission of syphilis. Centralized management can increase the standard treatment rate and improve compliance inregular following up.