打瓜生长指标和产量对不同灌水定额的响应

The Response of Growth Traits and Yield of Seeding-watermelon to Different Irrigation Amounts

【目的】研究不同灌水定额下打瓜生长指标和产量及其构成的变化,筛选适宜的灌水定额。【方法】结合田间试验和模糊综合评判法,设定了5个不同的灌水定额,分别为300、375、450、525、600 m3/hm2,研究不同灌水定额对打瓜生长指标及产量影响的同时,以产量、作物耗水量和WUE为主要因素,利用模糊综合评判法综合评价了田间试验结果。【结果】打瓜生长,打瓜主蔓长、次蔓数随着灌水定额的增加而增加。600 m3/hm2灌水定额下主蔓长和次蔓数最大,525 m3/hm2灌水定额次之;在伸蔓现蕾期和果实膨大期,525 m3/hm2灌水定额和600 m3/hm2灌水定额下生长指标无显著差异。525 m3/hm2灌水定额下产量和WUE最大,600 m3/hm2灌水定额次之,且525 m3/hm2灌水定额与600 m3/hm2灌水定额间差异显著。525 m3/hm2灌水定额下打瓜产能优,且生长较好。基于模糊综合评判方法,525m3/hm2灌水定额更适合打瓜农田灌溉。【结论】结合大田试验和模糊综合评判结果,建议选用525 m3/hm2灌水定额。

【Objective】Soil water controls growth and physiological development of all plants and the purpose of this paper is to elucidate how different irrigation amounts affect the grow traits and yield of seeding-watermelon.【Method】We experimentally examined five irrigation amounts： 300 m^3/hm^2（W1）, 375 m^3/hm^2（W2）, 450 m^3/hm^2（W3）, 525 m^3/hm^2（W4） and 600 m^3/hm^2（W5）. For each treatment, we measured the growth and the yield of the seeding-watermelon, as well as its water consumption and water use efficiency（WUE）. Fuzzy comprehensive method was used to evaluate the experimental results.【Result】Different irrigation amounts had different influences on the length of main vine and the number of non-principal vines. The growth indexes increased with the irrigation amount, with the treatment W5 having most significant impact followed by W4. There was no significant difference in the growth indexes between W4 and W5 during the bud extension and fruit expansion stages. The yield and WUE were highest under W4, followed by W5. Compared with W5, W4 increased the growth and hence the production of the seeding-watermelon.【Conclusion】Our experimental results and the fuzzy analysis both revealed that W4 is the most suitable irrigation methods for the seedling-watermelon.