基于萤火虫算法的滴灌管网优化设计研究

Optimal Design of Drip Irrigation Pipe Network Using the Firefly Algorithm

传统滴灌工程设计过度依赖设计人员经验,同时管网系统投资较大。【目的】探索滴灌管网的优化设计方法,节约工程投资。【方法】以投资最小为目标函数、工作压力及管内流速为主要约束条件建立滴灌管网优化模型,并利用萤火虫算法进行求解,优化不同管网布置形式下的各级管道的管径及投资。选取约87 hm2旱田(玉米)滴灌工程为实例研究对象,针对骨干管道的3种布置方案(梳型、丰型、π型)优化研究,综合附属工程投资额得出最优方案。【结果】方案一"梳"型布置投资额为12 443.08元/hm2;方案二"丰"型布置投资额为12 263.17元/hm2;方案三"π"型布置投资额为13 698.20元/hm2;方案二投资最小,分别较方案一与方案三节约投资1.45%与10.48%。【结论】基于萤火虫算法求解的滴灌管网优化模型可以对管径及管网布置模式进行优化,能够应用到滴灌管网的优化设计当中,是一种可行方法。将附属工程投资独立考虑,并纳入滴灌系统总投资可简化问题。骨干管道"丰"型布置为最优方案。

【Objective】Traditional drip irrigation design largely relies on experience and this paper presents a optimal method to help design drip irrigation pipe network aiming to reduce its costs.【Method】An optimization model was established for drip irrigation pipe network, with minimum investment as the objective function, working pressure and flow rate in the pipe as the main constraints. The optimization was solved using the fireflies algorithm for the pipe diameters and the costs for different pipe network layouts. An 87 hm^2 of maize field was selected as an example to study the optimization of the three layouts： comb type, Feng type, and π type of the backbone pipeline. The optimal results were obtained by integrating the costs of the auxiliary projects associated with the pipe networks.【Result】The case showed that the costs for the＂comb＂type, the＂Feng＂type and the＂π＂type were 12 443.08 yuan/hm^2, 12 263.17 yuan/hm^2, and 13 698.20 yuan/hm^2 respectively.【Conclusion】The optimization of the drip irrigation pipe network can be effectively solved by he firefly algorithm to obtain the pipe diameter and pipe network layouts. Separately considering the costs of the accessory projects from the costs of the drip irrigation project can further simplify the optimization problem. For the cast study, the＂Feng＂type of the backbone pipe was found to be most economical.