Ⅰ型干扰素在HIV-1感染中的作用具有两面性

Type Ⅰ Interferons: a Double-edged Sword in HIV Infection

Ⅰ型干扰素(以下简称为干扰素)是重要的抗病毒因子,也是临床上治疗病毒感染性疾病的药物.然而,干扰素在HIV感染中的作用一直存在争议.最近在HIV感染的人源化小鼠模型中发现,干扰素具有抑制HIV复制和破坏抗病毒免疫的双重作用.在抗病毒药物治疗的同时,注射干扰素受体的阻断抗体显著提高抗HIV特异性免疫反应,延缓停药后病毒反弹.这些研究结果提示,干扰素有望成为研发治疗艾滋病新型药物的靶点.

Type Ⅰ interferons（IFN-Ⅰs） are essential for antiviral immune responses and have been developed for the treatment of various viral infections. However, the roles of IFN-Ⅰs in HIV infection remain elusive.Recent data from HIV-infected humanized mice show that IFN-Ⅰs play both protective role by suppressing HIV replication and detrimental role by inhibiting anti-HIV immune responses. Administration of IFN-Ⅰ receptor（IFNAR）blocking antibody in the presence of antiretroviral therapy（ART） rescues anti-HIV immune responses and delays HIV rebound upon the cessation of antiviral drugs. Thus, IFN-Ⅰs provide a potential target for the development of novo drugs treating HIV infection.