变应性鼻炎儿童心理行为学调查及影响因素研究

Study on the psychological behavior of children with allergic rhinitis and its influencing factors

目的对变应性鼻炎(AR)儿童心理行为学变化特征进行调查并就其影响预测因素进行分析。方法选取符合入选标准的AR儿童60例(AR组),以心理行为学预测工具艾森克儿童个性问卷(EPQ)及Piers-Harris儿童自我概念量表(PHSCS)进行基线评估,并与同期体检的60例非AR健康儿童(正常对照组)进行对照,将相关变量纳入多元逐步回归分析,估计AR儿童心理行为预测因素的作用。结果 AR组与正常对照组在EPQ调查4个维度得分比较中,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),在PHSCS量表调查比较中,AR组在总评分及其中4项因子评分显著低于正常对照组(P<0.05);将调查结果中有意义的变量纳入多元线性回归分析,结果显示,病情进展性、神经质或情绪稳定性(N)、患儿来源、学业评价、日间症状、活动受限、性别等因素是影响AR儿童心理行为学变化有意义的指标。结论 AR儿童精神健康领域中的心理行为特征较正常健康儿童脆弱和消极,临床医护人员应高度关注该群体儿童心理人格特质形成的影响因素,制定有效心理干预处方以促进其心理健康发展。

Objective To investigate the characteristics of psychological behavior in children with allergic rhinitis（ AR）,and to analyze the influencing factors. Methods A total of 60 children patients with allergic rhinitis were enrolled as AR group,psychological behavior prediction tools including children eysenck personality questionnaire（ EPQ） and PiersHarris children＇s self-concept scale（ PHSCS） were used to assess the baseline,moreover,the results were compared with those of healthy children（ control group,n = 60）,and the related variables were internalized multiple stepwise regression analysis to evaluate the predictive effects of these indexes on psychological behavior of children with allergic rhinitis. Results There were no significant differences in the four dimension scores of EPQ investigation between AR group and control group（ P〈0. 05）. In PHSCS scale investigation,the 4 items scores among the total scores in AR group were significantly lower than those in control group（ P〈0. 05）. The results in meaningful variables in multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the disease progression,nervous or emotional stability（ N）,children with source,academic evaluation,daytime symptom,limited activity,gender were significant indexes influencing psychological behavior of children with allergic rhinitis. Conclusion The behavior characteristics of children with allergic rhinitis are more fragile and passive than those of healthy children,thus,clinical medical staff should pay close attention to the group to formulate appropriate psychological intervention prescription in order to improve their psychological health development.