老港固废处置基地恶臭监测时空变化研究

Research on Space-time Change of Odor Monitoring in Laogang Municipal Solid Waste Disposal Base

以上海老港固废处置基地为对象,从基地环境空气质量动态变化角度出发,以离线和在线恶臭监测数据为基础,分析基地恶臭污染历年变化特征和空间差异。从2006—2015年离线监测数据来看,老港固废处置基地的历年恶臭监测经历了点位、项目、频次的变化,呈现出"最初的关注H_2S、NH_3等少数无机污染物,最后重点关注感官嗅辨"特点。在2006—2008年,监测项目全为无机污染指标,填埋作业区是主要污染源,作业码头和填埋作业区偶有超标,附近居住区臭气浓度达到标准;在2009—2013年,基地内H_2S、NH_3和臭气浓度超标情况明显;2014年后,基地内恶臭污染源增多,四期填埋作业面、五期填埋作业面以及渗沥液厂是主要的恶臭污染源。从2016年的在线监测数据来看,基地内部、西边界受到的恶臭影响较为显著,恶臭发生主要集中在4-10月,日均臭气浓度与温度具有中等强度的相关性,夏季7—10月是填埋场恶臭控制的重点时期。

Taking Shanghai Laogang municipal solid waste disposal base asthe research object,based on offline and online odor monitoring data,the characteristics and spatial differences of malodorous pollution over the years were analyzed from dynamic change of environment air quality in the base. In terms of off-line monitoring data from 2006 to 2015,the point,project and frequency of yearly odor monitoring in the base were changed,presented the characteristics from pay attention on a few inorganic pollutants such as H2 S and NH3 to focus on sensory olfactory discrimination. From 2006 to 2008,monitoring projects were all inorganic pollution indicators,and the landfill was the main pollution source. The odor concentration of working docks and landfill sites were exceeded the standard occasionally,and the nearby residential area reached the standard. From 2009 to 2013,the concentration of H2 S,NH3 and odor in the base were exceeded the standard obviously. After 2014,odor polluting source in the base increased,the landfill（phase four,phase five）and the leachate plant were the main odor polluting source. From the online monitoring data of2016,the internal and western borders of the base had been significantly affected by the odor pollution. The occurrence of odor pollution was mainly concentrated in April to O ctober,and the average daily odor concentration had a moderate intensity correlation with temperature,from July to O ctober in summer was the key period for controlling odor in landfill sites.