津冀海域船舶溢油风险评估及管控措施研究

Study on Risk Assessment and Control Measures of Ship Oil Spillage in Tianjin-Hebei Sea Area

基于空间分析和数理统计方法,建立了大尺度海域船舶溢油风险评估技术方法,运用该方法对津冀海域的船舶溢油风险进行了系统评估,得出津冀海域船舶溢油风险呈现污染指数从近岸到开阔海域递减,高风险海域主要分布在秦皇岛港—唐山港京唐港区、唐山港京唐港区—唐山港曹妃甸港区、天津港—黄骅港之间海域,以及天津海域风险值最大等特点。针对津冀海域的溢油风险分布特征,提出应完善应急顶层设计、形成区域联动体系、明确部门职责要求等船舶溢油污染风险管控措施建议。

The paper develops a large-scale ship oil spillage risk assessment method based on spatial analysis and mathematical statistics. The newly-established method is applied to comprehensively evaluate the oil spillage risk of ships in Tianjin-Hebei sea area. The evaluation results demonstrate that the pollution index decreases progressively from near shore area to open sea area. The high risk areas are mainly in the sea area between Qinhuangdao Port and Jingtang Harbor, area of Tangshan Port, Jingtang Harbor area and Caofeidian Harbor area of Tangshan Port, Tianjin Port and Huanghua Port. The results also indicate that the risk value is at its highest in Tianjin sea area. According to the oil spillage risk distribution features in Tianjin-Hebei sea area, the paper put forward some suggestions on ship pollution risk management and control, such as improving top-level emergency response design, establishing regional linkage system and defining the responsibilities of relevant departments.