苏联解体后乌兹别克斯坦与塔吉克斯坦关系探析

A Study on the Current Relations Between Uzbekistan and Tajikistan

苏联解体20多年来,遗留的历史问题以及民族国家建设导致的各种矛盾始终困扰着乌兹别克斯坦和塔吉克斯坦。在卡里莫夫时代,乌兹别克斯坦和塔吉克斯坦两国围绕边界、领土、民族、天然气、水资源等问题而出现的矛盾不断尖锐化,甚至存在军事冲突的可能。2016年底,米尔济约耶夫上台,乌兹别克斯坦和塔吉克斯坦双边关系出现了明显改善的迹象。乌兹别克族和塔吉克族具有相近的民族文化、塔吉克斯坦因国内交通等问题的制约而对与乌兹别克斯坦发展友好关系存在客观需要、米尔济约耶夫致力于改善同邻国的关系以为本国经济发展创造良好的外部环境、地区外大国博弈等因素成为两国关系得以持续改善的动因。

In the more than 20 years after disintegration of the Soviet Union, the remaining historical issues and conflicts caused by the construction of a new nation have always plagued Uzbekistan and Tajikistan. In the era ofKarimov, the conflicts were continuously intensifying between Uzbekistan and Tajikistan centering on issues such as borders, territories, nations, natural gas, water resources, so that there may even be military conflicts. Since president Mirziyoyev took office in late 2016, the relations between Uzbekistan and Tajikistan have shown significant improvement. Factors driving the continuous improvement of bilateral relations are： their similar national cultures, Tajikistan＇ s demand for developing friendly relationship with Uzbekistan to overcome its domestic inefficient transportation, President Mirziyoyev＇ s devotion to improve relations with neighboring countries to create a favorable external environment for domestic economic development, and games between superpowers outside the region.