核电风险之协商治理的几个问题与对策

Strategies for Addressing the Problems in Deliberative Risk Governance with Nuclear Power

目前我国核电的发展面临着驱动和制约力量并存的状况。一方面,在国家能源转型战略中,核电被赋予非常重要的角色;另一方面,公众对于核电仍存有疑虑。核电民意的走向将影响到核电在我国的发展空间。本文分析了当前核电在社会接受度方面存在的问题,包括社会不信任、有效沟通技术风险的不确定性以及推进协商治理来培育公共理性的障碍,并基于此提出了解决问题的对策建议,包括通过协商治理来消除社会不信任和培育信任、革新核电公共沟通的组织定位和组织过程以及培育以科学的方法处置技术争议的公共理性。

Currently, there are both driving and restraining forces for China＇s nuclear power development. On the one hand, nuclear power has been regarded as important energy option in the strategic transition to clean en- ergy and carbon reduction on the other hand, the public still has misgivings about nuclear power. The dynamics of public opinion will have an impact on the development or decay of nuclear power in China. In this paper, the author explores into a few critical problems in the public acceptance of nuclear power, including social distrust in the local government and the nuclear industry, lack of effective communication for the uncertainty of nuclear technology, as well as barriers to cultivate public rationality through deliberative governance, etc. Basing on these analysis, the author proposes three politic strategies correspondingly, such as relieving social distrust and building social trust through exploratory public deliberation experiments, reforming the position and organizing process of the communication department with nuclear power corporations, and nurturing the public rationality for technological controversy like nuclear power.