非ST段抬高型急性心肌梗死患者临床特征分析

Analysis of Clinical Features of Patients with Non-ST Segment Elevation Acute Myocardial Infarction

目的探讨非ST段抬高型急性心肌梗死患者的临床特征。方法选取2016年1月—2017年12月黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市甘南县人民医院收治的98例急性心肌梗死患者,回顾性分析所有患者的病史资料。根据患者是否为ST段抬高型心肌梗死分为STEMI组与NSTEMI组,STEMI组患者51例,NSTEMI组患者47例。采用χ~2检验比较两组患者的吸烟史、饮酒史、持续胸痛症状,以及住院期间是否合并糖尿病、高血压病、高脂血症。结果NSTEMI组中29例患者有吸烟史,略多于STEMI组27例患者数量,两组比较差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.003,P=0.953);NSTEMI组中26例患者有饮酒史,略多于STEMI组25例患者数量,两组比较差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.048,P=0.842);NSTEMI组中17患者持续胸痛,明显少于STEMI组中35例患者数量,两组比较差异有统计学意义(χ~2=16.617,P<0.001);NSTEMI组中35例患者住院期间伴有糖尿病,明显多于STEMI组中21例患者数量,两组比较差异有统计学意义(χ~2=5.727,P=0.017);NSTEMI组中39例患者住院期间伴有高血压病,明显多于STEMI组中19例患者数量,两组比较差异有统计学意义(χ~2=13.155,P<0.001);NSTEMI组中37例患者住院期间伴有高脂血症,明显多于STEMI组中18例患者数量,两组比较差异有统计学意义(χ~2=8.730,P=0.003)。结论住院期间NSTEMI患者合并高血压、血糖病、高脂血症比STEMI患者明显增多,而持续性胸痛较少预后不好。因此对于合并有高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症的急性心肌梗死患者,在住院期间应被医生高度关注。

Objective To study the clinical features of patients with non ST segment elevation acute myocardial infarction. Methods 98 cases of patients with acute myocardial infarction admitted and treated in our hospital from January2016 to December 2017 were selected, and the disease history data of all patients were reviewed, and the patients were divided into the STEMI group and NSTEMI group, respectively with 51 cases and 47 cases, and the smoking history,alcohol history, continuous thoracodynia symptoms, diabetes or not during the length of stay, hypertension and hyperlipoidemia were compared between the two groups by the χ^2 test. Results 29 cases of patients had the smoking history in the NSTEMI group, which was slightly more than that in the STEMI group（ 27 cases）, and the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant（χ^2=0.003, P=0.953）; 26 cases had the alcohol history in the NSTEMI,which was slightly more than that in the STEMI group（25 cases）, and the difference between groups was not statistically significant（χ^2=0.048, P=0.842）, and 17 cases had the continuous thoracodynia, which was obviously lower than that in the STEMI group（35 cases）, and the difference between groups was statistically significant（χ^2=16.617, P〈0.001）;and 35 cases were with diabetes during the length of stay in the NSTEMI group, which was obviously more than that in the STEMI group（21 cases）, and the differences were statistically significant（χ^2=5.727, P=0.017）; and 39 cases were with hypertension during the length of stay, which was obviously more than that in the STEMI group（19 cases）, and the difference between groups was statistically significant（χ^2=13.155, P〈0.001）, and 37 cases were with hyperlipoidemia during the length of stay, which was obviously more than that in the STEMI group（18 cases）, and the difference between groups was statistically significant（χ^2=8.730, P=0.003）. Conclusion The incidence rates of patients in the NSTEMI group with hypertension, hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia obviously increase compared with those in the STEMI group, but the continuous thoracodynia is few with bad prognosis, therefore, the doctors should attach high importance to the acute myocardial infarction patients with hypertension, diabetes and hyperlipoidemia.