管式人工湿地中组合植物处理生活污水的研究

Study on the Treatment of Domestic Sewage by Combined Plant in the Tubular Artificial Wetland

人工湿地对生活污水的处理效果受到多种因素的影响,如植物种类、填料、曝气方式、停留时间等,文中研究3种水生植物(水葱、生菜、油麦菜)及多种植物组合配比对生活污水的处理效果。以自行配置的生活污水作为模拟对象,每两日进一次水,进水时间为12h,停留时间为1.5d,测试不同植物在水平潜流人工湿地中处理生活污水的效果;另外配置了4种植物组合,与之前单种植物处理效果进行比较。实验结果表明:对于总磷去除,生菜>水葱>油麦菜;COD去除,生菜>水葱>油麦菜;氨氮去除,生菜>水葱>油麦菜。生菜在三者之间对于COD、TP、NH_3-N的处理效果都是最好的,特别是在处理COD时,其去除率高达50%左右;水葱对于COD、TP、NH_3-N都具有较好的处理效果,对三项的去除率处于中等水平;而油麦菜对于三项的处理效果相比前两者较差。组合植物处理虽然效果没有生菜及水葱好,但其处理效果较稳定。

The effect of artificial wetland on the treatment of domestic sewage is affected by many factors, such as plant species, packing, aeration and residence time. This paper studies the treatment effect of 3 kinds of aquatic plants （scirpus, romaine lettuce, lettuce） and a variety of plant combinations. With the self-configuring domestic sewage as the simulated ob ject, water was entered every two days, the water intake time was 12h, and the residence time was 1.5d. The effects of different plants on the sewage treatment in the horizontal subsurface constructed wetland were tested. In addition, four kinds of plant combinations were arranged and compared with the previous single plant treatment effect. The results showed that： for total phosphorus removal, romaine lettuce 〉scirpus 〉 lettuce; COD removal, romaine lettuce 〉 scirpus 〉 lettuce; ammonia nitrogen removal, romaine lettuce 〉 scirpus 〉 lettuce. The treatment effect of romaine lettuce on COD, TP and NH3-N is the best among the three, especially when the treatment of COD, the removal rate is up to about 50%; scirpus has good treatment effect on COD, TP and NH3-N, and the removal rate of the three items is in the middle level; and the processing effect for the three items is compared to the first two. Lettuce is poor. Although the effect of combined plant treatment is no better than scirpus and romaine lettuce, the treatment effect is relatively stable.