多元化的南方史诗类型思考——基于创世史诗《布洛陀》与《崇般突》比较研究

Diversified Types of Southern Epics——A Comparative Study of Creation Epics: Buluotuo and Chongbantu

创世史诗《布洛陀》与《崇般突》在文本结构、演述方式、故事范型等方面存在着诸多相似性,但在叙述主题方面存在着不同的旨归,《布洛陀》史诗突出了稻作文化的特质,《崇般突》强调了祭天文化对纳西族历史文化的深刻影响。从全观的史诗视域而言,南方史诗类型的划分是多元的。《布洛陀》称作"稻作史诗",《崇般突》称为"祭天史诗",更符合这两部史诗的文本主旨,也更契合其特定的历史文化语境,而仪式类史诗是从南方史诗的演述载体来定位的,祭祖史诗则是依据南方创世史诗的共性主题来界定的。

Creation epics Buluotuo and Chongbantu have many similarities in textual structure,presentation and story pattern; while they are different in narrative theme： the former highlighting rich cultural characteristics and the latter the influence of heaven worship culture on the history and culture of Naxi people.From a holistic view of epics,the classification of Southern epics is pluralistic. According to text theme,Buluotuo is epic of rice planting and Chongbantu is epic of heaven worship,which is more in accord with their specific historical and cultural context; while ritual epic is defined according to the presentation carrier and epic of ancestor worship is defined according to the common theme of Southern epics.