英国的反种族歧视措施及其启示

Britain's Measures against Racial Discrimination and the Enlightenment

作为多民族多宗教国家,英国的民族关系复杂,种族歧视问题突出。现代英国社会种族歧视现象的出现与历史上的移民问题有关,现实原因却是少数族裔在医疗、教育、住房及就业等领域的受排斥地位。英国社会的种族歧视现象呈现受害主体多、发生领域广、表现形式多样的特点。自上世纪60、70年代以来,英国采取了一系列法律与政策措施解决种族歧视问题,这些措施有效遏制了种族歧视现象的蔓延趋势,但仍存在一些问题需要解决。英国应对种族歧视的措施在价值功能层面值得当今多民族国家借鉴,也对一些国家有效开展反民族歧视工作有所启发。

As a multi-ethnic and religious country,Britain has a complex ethnic relationship and a prominent problem of racial discrimination. The emergence of racial discrimination in modern UK has been linked to the issue of immigration in history,but the realistic reason is the exclusion of minorities in the areas of health care,education,housing and employment. The phenomenon of racial discrimination in British society presents the characteristics of many victimized subjects,broad fields and various forms of expression.Since the 1960 s and 1970 s,Britain adopted a series of measures in policy and law to solve the problem of racial discrimination,which efficiently curbed its spreading,but there are still some problems to be solved.The measures of the UK＇s response to racial discrimination are worthy of reference for multi-ethnic countries in terms of value function,and also have inspired them in effective work of anti-national discrimination.