城镇化背景下居民收入水平对教育消费结构的影响——以湖南省为例

Influence of Residents' Income on Educational Consumption Structure under the Background of Urbanization: A Case Study of Hunan Province

随着经济社会的发展和人类文明的不断进步,教育消费在国民经济增长中发挥着越来越重要的作用。本文以湖南省为具体考察对象,采取中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)2010年、2012年和2014年三期微观面板数据,并运用固定效应(FE)和随机效应(RE)模型对城镇化背景下居民家庭收入水平与教育消费结构间的关系进行了实证分析。研究结果表明:随着居民家庭收入水平的提高,家庭的基础性教育支出占比将会下降,而非基础性教育消费支出的占比将会上升,而这一差异在城乡之间是显著的。这一研究结论对我国进一步规范教育市场、完善教育制度、缩小收入差距进而促进教育公平提供了理论支撑。

With the economic and social development and the continuous progress of human civilization, education consumption plays an increasingly important role in the growth of the national economy. In this paper, we take Hunan Province as the specific object of study, and empirically analyze the relationship between income of residents and education consumption structure under the background of urbanization using the fixed effect model （FE） and random effect model （RE） with CFPS three stages of micro-panel data in 2010, 2012 and 2014. The result shows that with the increasement of household income level, the proportion of family＇s basic education expenditure will decrease while the proportion of non-basic education consumption expenditure will increase and the difference is significant between urban and rural areas. The conclusion of this study provides theoretical support for further standardizing the education market, improving the education system, narrowing the income gap and further promoting education equity in our country.