中日两国刑法典总则若干问题比较研究

Comparative Studies on General Parts of Chinese and Japanese Criminal Law

因为制定的指导思想、时代背景和参考对象不同,中国和日本刑法典总则分别体现出了从犯罪到刑罚和从刑罚到犯罪的不同的逻辑结构。出于对刑事责任的不同理解,中国与日本刑法对法人犯罪体现出了截然不同的态度,但是在理论上,许多日本学者也从社会责任论的角度出发,对法人刑事责任表现出了支持。此外,在共同犯罪、刑罚种类、缓刑制度、时效制度方面,中日两国刑法也体现出了诸多不同,值得我们基于中国的社会现实与发展趋势去认真比较与思考。

Differences in guiding principles, time background and reference object result in difference logic structures of Chinese and Japanese criminal Law, the former follows a logic from crime to punishment while the latter follows one from punishment to crime.Meanwhile, variations in understandings of the nature of criminal responsibility lead to opposite attitudes to crime of legal persons in Chinese and Japanese criminal laws, although it has gained substantial theoretical support. In addition, Chinese and Japanese criminal laws shows considerable differences in provisions regarding joint offense, penalty systems, probation and time limits of punishment. All these are worthy of being seriously analyzed and considered on the basis of Chinese social reality and development trend.