基于价值工程的建设项目投标报价决策分析

Analysis on Bid Decision of Construction Project Based on Value Engineering

价值工程理论自创立以来,在社会、经济领域得到了广泛的应用。根据价值工程理论提出的系统地进行功能分析、功能定义、功能评价的方法,以及如何区分必要和不必要功能并消除后者的方法,构建了数学模型,将投标价作为成本,将投标报价打分标准作为功能,对几种方案的最终报价进行了比选,通过严密系统的计算和分析得出了最优的报价。在影响因素分析方面,构建评价体系对招标文件规定的评价打分表所有影响因素进行了分析,通过专家打分对第一层和第二层因素进行了单因素模糊评价,依据最大隶属度原则,进而得出每种方案的功能评价得分,最后根据归一化数据利用价值工程基本公式得出方案评价结果,最后综合吸收各方案的长处,形成最后的投标决策。结合京新国家高速公路甘肃段白疙瘩至明水公路工程的招投标过程,进行了工程投标价格的决策分析,可供类似工程参考和借鉴。

The value engineering theory since found is widely applied in the social and economic fields. The mathematical model is built by the method of systematically to carry out the function analysis, function definition and function evaluation based on the value engineering theory, and the method how to distinguish the necessary and unnecessary functions, and to eliminate the latter. The final quotations several schemes are compared and selected by taking the tender offer as the element and taking the marking standard of tender offer as the function. The optimal quotation is achieved by the strictly systematic calculation and analysis. The evaluation system is built to analyze all influence factors in the evaluation marking tables stipulated in the bidding documents, and the first and second factors are evaluated by the single-factor fuzzy evaluation of the expert marking. Based on the maximum membership degree, the function evaluation score of each scheme is achieved. The scheme evaluation result is obtained by the basic formula of the normalization data using value engineering. The final bid decision is formed by comprehensively absorbing the advantages of each scheme.Combined with the bid and tender process of Beijing-Urumqi Expressway Gansu Section Baigeda-Mingshui Highway Project, the article introduces the decision analysis on the tender price of the project, which can be referred for the similar projects.