“打”与“不打”:武术形象的二元认知

“Fight”and“Not Fight”: The Binary Cognition of Wushu Image

运用文献资料法和专家访谈法,结合文化学和形象学的相关理论,对中国武术"打"与"不打"的二元认知形象进行了研究,意在澄清对中国武术能打形象的习惯性认知偏见,还原中国武术形象的本原。研究认为:对于武术形象的认知,"打"是民众对武术的习惯性认知,"能打"是武术的原初形象。然而武术外显的"打"并不是"为打而打",而是"为不打而打"。武术的"打"是一种技击技术,"不打"是一种技艺境界。从"打"到"不打",体现了武术从务实到务虚、从野蛮到文明的发展转变,同时也是武术艺术化追求所在。"不打"以"打"为原点,通过能"打"的假想和预设,塑造了拳理、拳法、拳势三位一体攻防技击表意的武术形象。

This study analyzed the binary cognition image of ＂fighting＂and ＂not fighting＂of Chinese Wushu by combining with the theories of culture and image,aimed at clarifying the habitual cognitive bias of＂Can fight＂image of Chinese Wushu and restoring the original image of Chinese Wushu. The methods of literature review and experts interview were used in this study. Conclusions： About the cognitive image of Wushu,＂fight＂is the public perception of the Wushu habitual cognition,＂Can fight＂is the original image of the Wushu. However,explicit Wushu ＂fight＂is for ＂not fight＂rather than ＂fight＂,Wushu ＂fight＂is a skill,＂not fight＂is a state. From＂fight＂to＂no fight＂,it reflects the transformation of Wushu from pragmatism to retreat,from barbarism to civilization,and at the same time,it is also the pursuit of artistic pursuit of Wushu. ＂Not fight＂takes ＂fight＂as the origin,creates the trinity Wushu image of attack and defense with boxing theory,boxing method and boxing situation,through the imaginary and presupposition of ＂can fight＂.