孕妇肠道菌群与婴幼儿肠道菌群及肥胖的关系研究进展

Advances in Relation between Enteric Duct Microbial Community in Pregnant Women and in Infants and Obesity

女性妊娠过程中,身体的生殖、消化、内分泌等系统会发生一系列变化,孕妇的肠道菌群也会发生相应变化。母亲肠道菌群与子代肠道菌群密切相关,婴幼儿生命早期肠道菌群的来源主要有母亲肠道菌群、母亲阴道菌群和母亲体表菌群,出生以后婴幼儿肠道菌群的定殖主要受喂养方式、生活环境、抗生素暴露等因素的影响。此外,人体肠道菌群功能强大,其可通过调节人体营养物质吸收和外周器官的代谢而成为影响肥胖的一种重要的内环境因素。综述孕妇妊娠期间包括孕早期、孕中期、孕晚期肠道菌群的变化和影响婴幼儿肠道菌群定殖的主要因素,以及对子代肥胖的影响,以期为临床医务人员对预防和控制婴幼儿肥胖提供参考。

During female gestation process a series of changes could happen in the reproduction,digestion,endocrine,and other systems,microbial community（ MC） in enteric duct of pregnant women will have corresponding changes. MC in mother＇s enteric duct is near to MC in filial generation＇s enteric duct,the origin of MC in early life of infant mainly are from mother＇s enteric duct MC,mother＇s vagina MC,and mother＇s body surface MC; and after being born the plantation of MC in infant＇s enteric duct is mainly affected by raising mode,living environment,antibiotic exposure,and other factors. Moreover,the strong function of human enteric MC could regulate the nutrient assimilation in human body and the metabolism of peri-organ and become an important factor in endo-environment. Therefore,the main factors of the changes of MC in enteric duct and the influences on infant enteric MC plantation during the pregnancy of pregnant women,including early stage of pregnancy,metaphase of pregnancy,and later stage of pregnancy,as well as the effect of obesity on the filial generation were summarized in this paper,so as to provide a new train of thought to clinical medical personnel to prevent and control the obesity of infants.